无约束修正Timoshenko梁的冲击问题

介绍了修正后的Timoshenko梁运动方程，并比较了修正Timoshenko梁与经 典Timoshenko梁的运动方程. 推导了考虑剪切变形引起的转动惯量的修正Timoshenko 梁的正交条件，推导了集中质量对无约束修正Timoshenko梁的正碰撞对梁所引起的瞬态冲 击响应公式，并用算例进行了分析，且与集中质量对经典的无约束Timoshenko梁的正碰撞 对梁所引起的冲击响应进行了比较，另外还用算例分析了梁的刚度的变化和冲击质量比对其 冲击响应产生的影响.     

THE CONSTRUCTION OF WAVELET-BASED TRUNCATED CONICAL SHELL ELEMENT USING B-SPLINE WAVELET ON THE INTERVAL

Based on B-spline wavelet on the interval (BSWI), two classes of truncated conicalshell elements were constructed to solve axisymmetric problems, i.e. BSWI thin truncated conicalshell element and BSWI moderately thick truncated conical shell element with independent slope-deformation interpolation. In the construction of wavelet-based element, instead of traditionalpolynomial interpolation, the scaling functions of BSWI were employed to form the shape functionsthrough the constructed elemental transformation matrix,and then construct BSWI element viathe variational principle. Unlike the process of direct wavelets adding in the wavelet Galerkinmethod, the elemental displacement field represented by the coefficients of wavelets expansionwas transformed into edges and internal modes via the constructed transformation matrix. BSWIelement combines the accuracy of B-spline function approximation and various wavelet-basedelements for structural analysis. Some static and dynamic numerical examples of conical shellswere studied to demonstrate the present element with higher efficiency and precision than thetraditional element.     

Bingham流体在旋转圆盘上流动的数值解

导出了描述Ｂｉｎｇｈａｍ流体在旋转圆盘上流动的基本方程，用差分方法数值解薄膜厚度分布方程，得到二种类型的厚度分布。数值解分别和计算机磁盘的厚度分布，Ｊｅｎｅｋｈｅ等的实验结果定性一致。     

Waves on the surface of a falling power-law fluid film

Waves that occur at the surface of a falling film of thin power-law fluid on a vertical plane are investigated. Using the method of integral relations an evolution equation is derived for two types of waves equation which are possible under long wave approximation. This equation reveals the presence of both kinematic and dynamic wave processes which may either act together or singularly dominate the wave field depending on the order of different parameters. It is shown that, at a small flow rate, kinematic waves dominate the flow field and the energy is acquired from the mean flow during the interaction of the waves, while, for high flow rate, inertial waves dominate and the energy comes from the kinematic waves. It is also found that this exchange of energy between kinematic and inertial waves strongly depends on the power-law index n. Linear stability analysis predicts the contribution of different terms in the wave mechanism. Further, it is found that the surface tension plays a double role: for a kinematic wave process, it exerts dissipative effects so that a finite amplitude case may be established, but for a dynamic wave process it yields dispersion. Further, it is shown that the non-Newtonian character n plays a vital role in controlling the role of the term that contains surface tension in the above processes.     

一种摩擦学状态在线监测系统的研究

研制了一种用于船用柴油机的摩擦学状态在线监测系统。它集磨粒监测，润滑油质量监测，柴油机扭矩及时转速监测于一体，利用在线铁谱技术监测润滑油中的铁磁性磨粒，利用容栅型电容传感器在线监测污染物引起的润滑油介电常数的变化，利用光电传感器和随轴转动齿盘产生的脉冲及相位差在线测量柴油机输出轴的扭矩及瞬时转速。此外，该监测系统还可将柴油机的磨损状态与动力状态相关联，监测由于各缸爆排压力变化造成的瞬时转速变化，从     

流动稳定性弱非线性理论中的问题及其改进

流动稳定性弱非线性理论存在三个主要问题:(1)其摄动参数收敛半径太小且无具体估值;(2)其解有特定结构,一般不能满足很多实际问题的初始条件;(3)当其线性部分不是中性时,Landau系数的确定法不唯一,不知何者应是最好的方法。本文以平面Poiseuille流为例,从理论上解决了问题(1)和(2),并提出了改进办法。又通过将理论和数值模拟结果相比较的方法,澄清了问题(3)。改进了的理论,将可解决许多实际问题。     

西安地铁二号线沿线地裂缝未来位错量估算及工程分级

地裂缝在地铁设计使用期内的最大垂直位错量是西安地铁二号线穿越地裂缝结构设计的一个十分重要的参数。本文以历史水准监测资料为基础,分析了西安地铁二号线沿线各地裂缝在不同历史阶段的活动特征与活动原因,对各地裂缝的未来活动趋势进行了预测。然后通过基于不同时间段地裂缝活动速率的最大垂直位错量估算结果的对比分析,得出了地铁设计使用期内各条地裂缝与地铁交汇点处地裂缝的最大垂直位错量,并以此为依据,将西安地铁二号线沿线地裂缝分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ级等4个工程级别。     

Stability and Transition on a Swept Cylinder in a Supersonic Flow

Results of experimental investigations of the evolution of natural disturbances and laminar–turbulent transition in a supersonic boundary layer on the attachment line of a circular cylinder with a sweep angle of 68° and a freestream Mach number M = 2 are presented. The experimental studies are supplemented by calculations of the mean flow and stability characteristics. Flow regimes in the boundary layer on the attachment line are determined by a hotwire technique as functions of the Reynolds number and height of twodimensional roughness elements. The results are compared with NASA (Ames) experiments.     

Effect of the grain size on the macroscopic response of aluminum to shock loading

Shock tests of two lots of a 1420 aluminum-lithium alloy are performed. The mean grain size is 24 μm in the first lot and 1.6 μm in the second lot obtained by the method of equal-channel angular pressing. Two characteristics of dynamic strength of the material were determined in experiments on the high-velocity impact of flat samples: threshold of dynamic stability with respect to compression on the fore front of the compression pulse and spall strength of the material. The materials of both types have an identical threshold of dynamic stability with respect to compression, whereas the spall strength of the microcrystalline alloy is 20% greater than the spall strength of the polycrystalline alloy. The reason is the consumption of energy on structure formation in the coarse-grain material in passing to a larger-scale structural level (in the case with a fine-grain material, such a structure is available in the initial state). The experiments reveal the presence of a second plastic front whose amplitude is approximately 10% of the first plastic front. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 135–146, November–December, 2007.     

超声速平板圆台突起物绕流实验和数值模拟研究

高速飞行器表面不可避免的存在突起物并形成复杂流场, 从而引起飞行器气动特性和热载荷的变化; 同时, 突起物是流动控制的重要方法之一, 合适的突起物形状及安装位置对于改善冲压发动机进气道性能有重要意义. 本文采用基于纳米粒子的平面激光散射技术(NPLS)研究了马赫3.0来流边界层为层流的平板上三个不同高度圆台突起物绕流流场, 主要关注了突起物后方的尾迹边界层, 并采用高精度的显式五阶精度加权紧致非线性格式(WCNS-E-5)离散求解Navier-Stokes方程模拟了该流场. 获得了超声速圆台绕流精细流场结构, 观察到突起物后方尾迹区域边界层发展的过程. 结合实验和数值模拟结果可以发现, 当圆台高度接近或者小于当地边界层厚度时, 突起物对边界层的扰动非常弱, 圆台后方尾迹边界层能够维持较长距离的层流状态, 在边界层转捩阶段也有清晰的发卡涡结构出现; 反之, 边界层受到的扰动明显增大, 在突起物后方很快发展为湍流; 风洞噪声对本文研究圆台引起的边界层扰动有一定影响, 实验获得的边界层转捩位置要比数值结果靠前. 基于NPLS流场图像, 采用间歇性方法分析了圆台突起物后方边界层的特性, 对于高度大于边界层厚度的圆台其间歇性曲线较为接近并且更加饱满, 边界层的脉动也更为强烈.